對自上料攪拌車身進行預熱的通常做法是在發動機運轉時開啟車身以取電。當液壓泵被動工作一段時間后,液壓油溫度上升到規定值,液壓油粘度達到正常工作狀態,自上料攪拌車體預熱完成。這種公認的預熱操作方式看似簡單,其實不然。如果自上料攪拌車車體的預熱操作在正確的狀態下進行,可以有效降低車體液壓系統的磨損和故障率。相反,不正確的預熱行為將不可避免地增加設備的磨損。
The usual way to preheat the self loading mixing car body is to turn on the car body to get electricity when the engine is running. When the hydraulic pump works passively for a period of time, the temperature of the hydraulic oil rises to the specified value, the viscosity of the hydraulic oil reaches the normal working state, and the preheating of the self feeding mixing car body is completed. This recognized preheating operation seems simple, but it is not. If the preheating operation of the self loading mixer car body is carried out in the correct state, the wear and failure rate of the car body hydraulic system can be effectively reduced. On the contrary, incorrect preheating behavior will inevitably increase the wear of equipment.
預熱前期,自上料攪拌車主油泵保持干轉
In the early stage of preheating, the owner's oil pump keeps running dry since feeding and mixing
安裝在自上料攪拌車上的液壓系統中的液壓泵一般有四種,分別是主油泵、平衡壓泵、攪拌泵和臂架泵。從液壓泵的工作原理上分,除攪拌泵屬于齒輪泵外,其他三種泵都屬于斜盤柱塞泵。相比較而言,斜盤柱塞泵的性能優于齒輪泵,而且精度更高,價格也更高,因此更應引起重視。
There are generally four kinds of hydraulic pumps installed in the hydraulic system of the self loading mixer truck, namely, the main oil pump, the balance pressure pump, the mixing pump and the boom pump. From the working principle of the hydraulic pump, except that the mixing pump belongs to the gear pump, the other three pumps belong to the swashplate piston pump. In comparison, the performance of the swashplate piston pump is better than that of the gear pump, and it has higher accuracy and higher price, so it should be paid more attention.
對于不同工作原理的自上料攪拌車,讓主油泵干轉的操作方法是不同的。在目前常見的混凝土泵送液壓系統中,主要有兩種——開式系統和閉式系統。對于這兩個系統的原理、區別和特點,這里就不方便介紹了。我們只介紹根據原理保持主油泵斜盤不傾斜的操作方法。
For self loading agitators with different working principles, the operation method of dry running the main oil pump is different. At present, there are mainly two kinds of common concrete pumping hydraulic systems - open system and closed system. It is inconvenient to introduce the principles, differences and characteristics of these two systems here. We only introduce the operation method of keeping the swashplate of the main oil pump not inclined according to the principle.
(1)對于開式系統的自上料攪拌車,可在開啟上裝取力器時將泵送排量設置在“零”位置。根據自上料攪拌車的企業和使用年限,設置方法可能會略有不同。
(1) For the self loading mixer truck with open system, the pumping displacement can be set at the "zero" position when the upper power take-off is turned on. The setting method may be slightly different according to the brand and service life of the self loading mixer.
(2)對于封閉系統自上料攪拌車,方法比較簡單,即在開啟車身取力器時,保持泵送停止狀態。
(2) For the closed system self loading mixer, the method is relatively simple, that is, when opening the power take-off of the body, keep the pumping stopped.
預熱后期,主油泵逐漸排量
At the later stage of preheating, the main oil pump gradually displaces
自上料攪拌車的液壓泵在空轉過程中,軸承、配油盤等部件由于運動 摩擦不可避免地會發熱。這些熱量逐漸傳遞給周圍的液壓油,使液壓油的溫度逐漸升高,粘度逐漸降低。一段時間后,可將液壓泵的斜盤調整到較小的角度變化,使液壓油流動,從而將溫度較高的液壓油送入液壓回路。由于對流和傳導,液壓馬達和管路中的油逐漸升溫。直到整個泵送系統的液壓油達到工作溫度,預熱工作才順利完成。
During the idling process of the hydraulic pump of the self loading mixer, the bearing, oil distribution plate and other components will inevitably heat up due to motion friction. These heat is gradually transferred to the surrounding hydraulic oil, so that the temperature of the hydraulic oil gradually increases and the viscosity gradually decreases. After a period of time, the swashplate of the hydraulic pump can be adjusted to a small angle change to make the hydraulic oil flow, so as to send the hydraulic oil with higher temperature into the hydraulic circuit. Due to convection and conduction, the oil in the hydraulic motor and pipeline gradually heats up. The preheating work is not completed until the hydraulic oil of the whole pumping system reaches the working temperature.
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